![]() ![]() Indian J Agric Sci 86(10):1231–1244īoursianis AD, Papadopoulou MS, Diamantoulakis P, Liopa-Tsakalidi A, Barouchas P, Salahas G, Karagiannidis G, Wan S, Goudos SK (2020) Internet of things (iot) and agricultural unmanned aerial vehicles (uavs) in smart farming: a comprehensive review. Proc Comput Sci 58:280–288īhardwaj SC, Prasad P, Gangwar OP, Khan H, Kumar S (2016) Wheat rust research-then and now. Biosyst Eng 180:96–107īhange M, Hingoliwala H (2015) Smart farming: pomegranate disease detection using image processing. Drones 3(2):40īarbedo JGA (2019) Plant disease identification from individual lesions and spots using deep learning. Remote Sens 6(6):5107–5123īarbedo JGA (2019) A review on the use of unmanned aerial vehicles and imaging sensors for monitoring and assessing plant stresses. Elsevier, New York, pp 263–291Īshourloo D, Mobasheri MR, Huete A (2014) Evaluating the effect of different wheat rust disease symptoms on vegetation indices using hyperspectral measurements. J Appl Biol Sci 13(2):75–83Īrce GR, Bacca J, Paredes JL (2009) Nonlinear filtering for image analysis and enhancement. Comput Electron Agric 138:92–104Īl-Maaroof EM (2019) Effect of yellow rust disease on quantitative and qualitative traits of some wheat genotypes under rain-fed conditions. Īli H, Lali M, Nawaz MZ, Sharif M, Saleem B (2017) Symptom based automated detection of citrus diseases using color histogram and textural descriptors. Comput Standards Interfaces 36(2):263–270Īgriculture Research Service, US. Additionally, the challenges and limitations associated with these techniques are discussed to highlight the practical implications of implementing these techniques.Ībbasi AZ, Islam N, Shaikh ZA et al (2014) A review of wireless sensors and networks‘ applications in agriculture. In this paper, the technical review of cutting edge techniques used for detecting wheat rust attacks is presented, which include Remote Sensing, Machine Learning, Deep Learning, and Internet of Things. Several precision farming solutions are available worldwide to timely identify the rust attack, mitigate its catastrophic effects, and invoke the remedial action in a site-specific manner. Owing to conventional farming practices, there is a recurring concern for an early arrest of this disease to minimize the yield losses and to feed the growing population. This disease has the ability to decrease the wheat production rate up to 30% and destroy the crop within a month after its first assault, thus posing a serious threat to food security. However, its productivity rate is severely affected by rust disease, which is an airborne fungal disease caused by a group of fungi from Pucciniales order. Among these crops, wheat is considered as a staple crop of Pakistan, covering almost nine million hectares of the cultivated land. The productivity of major crops such as wheat, maize, rice, sugarcane, and cotton is central to the economic development of the country. Agriculture sector is the second largest sector of Pakistan, which contributes 17.9% of the total Gross Domestic Production. ![]()
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